Antibiotics and Antibiotics resistance

What is antibiotic?

Antibiotic is a substance that destroys or inhibits the growth of pathogenic microorganisms and it is used in the treatment of external or internal infections. While some antibiotics are produced from microorganisms, most antibiotics are manufactured synthetically.

Antibiotics used in the treatment and prevention of bacterial infection. They kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria.

Classification of antibiotics:

Antibiotics are classified in three types..

On the basis of Mechanism of action

On the basis of Spectrum of activity

On the basis of Mode of action

Based on mechanism of action:

Based on spectrum of activity:

Antibiotics are divided two types based on spectrum of activity

Broad spectrum

Narrow spectrum

Based on Mode of action:

Antibiotics are divided two types based on mode of action

Bactericidal antibiotics

Bacteriostatic antibiotics

Antibiotic resistance:

The ability of bacteria and other microorganisms to resist the effects of an antibiotic to which they were once sensitive. Antibiotic resistance is a major concern of overuse of antibiotics. Also known as drug resistance.

The concentration of drug at the site of infection must inhibit the organism and also remain below the level that is toxic to human cells.

Causes of Antibiotic resistance:

Antibiotic use promotes development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Every time a person takes antibiotics, sensitive bacteria are killed, but resistant germs may be left to grow and multiply. Repeated and improper uses of antibiotics are primary causes of the increase in drug-resistant bacteria.

While antibiotics should be used to treat bacterial infections, they are not effective against viral infections like the common cold most sore throats, and the flu. Widespread use of antibiotics promotes the spread of antibiotic resistance. Smart use of antibiotics is the key to controlling the spread of resistance.

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